酷我-北美枫

[连南河]

五律 劳动节情怀LONG WEEKEND FEELING


心随城市动，
水过又秋连。
感事云和月，
摊书地与天。
穿梭屋宇减，
流转雨风添。
人照河中影，
枫飘一瞬间。

Sep 6，2009 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）5:00 to 7:00am

[[FAFAFA]]

五律 劳动节情怀LONG WEEKEND FEELING


心随城市动，
水过又秋连。
感事云和月，
摊书地与天。
穿梭屋宇减，
流转雨风添。
人照河中影，
枫飘一瞬间。

Sep 6，2009 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）5:00 to 7:00am

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声

七绝 吕柳新教授70华诞


峰回路转三江水，
一树柳青万象新。
园艺农林当自傲，
金山湖畔话浓荫。


Nov 10，2006 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）

[[FFFFFF]]

南河书院
南河心声

七绝 吕柳新教授70华诞


峰回路转三江水，
一树柳青万象新。
园艺农林当自傲，
金山湖畔话浓荫。


Nov 10，2006 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声


五律 梦里桔香

to +Citroponcirus

摇月复西归，
沧桑不可追。
花红一岸绿，
香气几春吹。
寒枳该何去？
柑桔至此回。
风流情万里，
小路聚星辉。

Netes：

花红一岸绿：这里指+Citroponcirus独有性
+Citroponcirus为嫁接嵌合体或称嫁接杂种
越冬芽，花芽或叶芽，花蕾呈明显紫红色
花开放后多为白色偶见一半红一半白花瓣

一岸绿：春来时柑桔新梢抽生变绿的情景


March 4, 2009 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）10:30 to 11:30pm

[[FAFAFA]]

南河书院
南河心声


五律 梦里桔香

to +Citroponcirus

摇月复西归，
沧桑不可追。
花红一岸绿，
香气几春吹。
寒枳该何去？
柑桔至此回。
风流情万里，
小路聚星辉。

Netes：

花红一岸绿：这里指+Citroponcirus独有性
+Citroponcirus为嫁接嵌合体或称嫁接杂种
越冬芽，花芽或叶芽，花蕾呈明显紫红色
花开放后多为白色偶见一半红一半白花瓣

一岸绿：春来时柑桔新梢抽生变绿的情景


March 4, 2009 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）10:30 to 11:30pm

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声

七绝 怀李来荣教授

李 树桃花满院开，
来 春去夏几时衰？
荣 得八闽红尘土，
又 叫柑桔山上栽。

Note:

当今多伦多西人华人商店里,看到的新西兰黄金奇异果(弥猴桃),包含着李来荣教授的辛勤劳动.

Dec 11, 2001 Hormish Garden of Fuzhou，China（南河书院）

ZESPRI™ Gold kiwifruit lights up the fruit world
新西兰黄金奇异果照亮水果世界

New Zealand’s popular green-fleshed Kiwifruit was launched onto world markets in the 1960s, having originated from seeds brought from China in 1904 and for many years a hobby exotic vine plant. In 1925, with the fruit then known as Chinese gooseberries, an avid NZ horticulturist Hayward Wright produced the now market dominant green-fleshed Hayward variety. Kiwifruit is NZ’s highest value export
horticultural crop ($539 million in 2003), is one of only 4 new fruit crops introduced to international trade in the 20th century and is now grown in many countries, notably Italy, Chile, Japan, Korea, USA and France.This crop however was based on only one selection, from one species of one genus that has more than 70 species growing wild in Asia and comprising a huge diversity of shape, colour,taste, nutritional attributes and hairiness. The potential existed for NZ to extend its commercial base by adding a new cultivar to the product mix. The industry was eager to diversify its product range to reduce risks that existed with a monocultural crop. Development of the new yellow-fleshed kiwifruit cultivar ‘Hort16A’, with the fruit marketed under the ZESPRI™ GOLD Kiwifruit brand, is a remarkable and innovative scientific and commercial success story. Using seed brought from China in 1977 and 1981, HortResearch scientists had 600 seedling crosses in development in 1987. By selecting for required quality attributes and then sensory evaluation by panelists from potential markets in Asia and Europe, a single new yellow-fleshed kiwifruit cultivar ‘Hort16A’ was chosen (the individual plant identified as plant number ‘16’, row ‘A’). Complementing the Hayward variety marketed as ZESPRI™ GREEN Kiwifruit, the fruit from ‘Hort16A’ plants had a different colour, fewer hairs, and a sweeter more tropical fruit taste.

The introduction of the new kiwifruit cultivar to international trade in 2000 was a remarkable outcome of the combined and focused vision and efforts of scientists, growers and Zespri International, the grower owned commercial company responsible for global marketing of kiwifruit.

Selection of ‘Hort16A’ was the start, but commercialising required, fast-track propagation, industry acceptance, research on vine management, quality and postharvestphysiology,together with a focussed and imaginative international marketing campaign. By 2003 this had resulted in the new fruit being planted on about 1,800 ha in New Zealand with an export valueof more than $160 million.
Keys to this success included:
• Awareness of scientists to search for new cultivars and the excellent cooperative relationships with China that allowed the introduction of seed material to NZ;
• Skilled scientists who chose the best parent plants for the original cross, and then the ability to select potential market winners;
• Early sensory evaluation using panelists from potential market countries identified the importance of its characteristic sweet taste and yellow flesh colour;
• Recognition of its potential by industry and emergence of a marketing champion;
• Major R&D effort by ZESPRI and HortResearch scientists who with industry specialists assisted growers develop and modify growing, postharvest handling and storage systems;
• Major marketing campaigns by ZESPRI International to create consumer awareness in international markets and to receive premium prices;
• Plant Variety Rights (PVR) obtained for ‘Hort16A’, allowing the industry to have plantings in other countries for year-round market supply under the ZESPRI™ brand, whilst receiving royalty payments and marketing commissions to flow back to NZ growers.

Development of the cultivar and subsequent crop management R&D cost just over $20m.Market development costs are in excess of $50m. By 2009, total gross revenues areexpected to be about $1 billion. Clear potential exists for more exciting kiwifruit cultivars to be developed in NZ and introduced to the world as innovative, differentiated, valuable and healthy products.

Background
背景

The kiwifruit industry is a relatively new contributor to New Zealand trade. Although Isabel Fraser introduced the original kiwifruit seeds to Wanganui in 1904, and selection of the preferred cultivar ‘Hayward’ was done in 1925, exports of this fruit did not commence until about 1959. Exports of kiwifruit have increased rapidly and today kiwifruit is the largest contributor to horticultural exports with an FOB value of $539 million in 2003. Originally regarded as a curiosity and a novel
garnish for cakes and desserts, it has today become an important part of global fruit trade, being produced in numerous countries in temperate and Mediterranean zones in the northern and southern hemisphere including Italy, Chile, Japan, Korea, France and the USA. The kiwifruit is native to China and some surrounding Asian countries; it is known that there are more than 70 individual species within the Actinidia genus, most of them growing as rampant vines in forests. Fruit has been collected from the wild and used by local residents for various food and medicinal purposes for hundreds of generations, but until recently there has been little commercial development. The impetus for this came from NZ.

The ‘Hayward’ cultivar was selected originally from one from about 40 seedlings by the nurseryman Hayward Wright, the seeds having been obtained from some of the offspring of plants grown in Wanganui following the original importation of seeds from China. This means that the kiwifruit cultivar currently grown in about 99% of world production is derived from one seed, from one of 40 plants, from a handful of seeds brought back from China, from one species of more than 65 species of the Actinidia genera.

Production based on only one cultivar is very risky. The kiwifruit industry is unique both a production and a marketing perspective. Scientists among global fruit industries were well aware of the risks involved and also of the being so totally dominated by potential that existed for creating new cultivars based on one variety, the Hayward variety, some of the other species that existed. New Zealand was most consumers are not even aware that other varieties exist. Fortunate that strong linkages existed between scientists in China and NZ, and were able to initiate a formal kiwifruit improvement breeding programme during the 1980’s based on a wide diversity of seed accessions from China obtained in the preceding 20 years.

HortResearch holds more than 20 species of Actinidia today, with over 400 accessions of budwood, seed and pollen, more than any country in the world apart from China.Thus HortResearch scientists embarked on a breeding programme, based at research orchards in Te Puke and Kumeu with the objective of developing a new, cultivar that would complement the existing ‘Hayward’ cultivar (now sold under the name of ZESPRI™ GREEN Kiwifruit).

Timeline for Development of the Yellow-fleshed Kiwifruit
黄肉弥猴桃(黄金奇异果)发展大事记

A key reason why New Zealand was able to gain access to supplies of seed material from such a wide range of Actinidia species from China was because of strong personal friendships that developed between key scientists in both countries in 1943-44, and which exist to this day.
新西兰能够从中国得到大量的弥猴桃种子材料(种质资源)，一个重要原因是基于一种建立在两国优秀科学家之间的深厚的个人友谊。从1943-1944年开始，这个故事一直流传到现在。

In 1943 a Chinese horticulture scientist, Li Lairong, was en route to China after graduate education in the USA when Pearl Harbour was attacked. His ship was diverted to NZ.. Being a trained horticultural scientist, he approached the DSIR Mt Albert Research Centre to see if he could get some work. He worked in Plant Diseases Division (PDD) with Dr Ted Bollard, who later became Director of PDD, and with whom a life long friendship was forged.
1943年，一个中国园艺科学家李来荣在美国完成学业后返回中国的途中遇到日本人偷袭珍珠港,他乘坐的船被迫转移到新西兰。作为一名训练有素的科学家(在美国完成博士学位)，他走进了DSIR Mt Albert研究中心看看是否可以找到一份工作。后来他和中心植物病理分部的Ted Bollard 先生工作在一起并建立了深厚的友谊, Ted Bollard 先生后来也成为植物病理分部的主任。

In 1944 Li Lairong departed to return to China, but the Japanese sank the ship in which he was travelling and he spent time in a prisoner of war camp. In 1948, when even his family thought that he was dead, he finally arrived back in China. Subsequently he had a distinguished career as a horticultural scientist, eventually being appointed Professor of Subtropical Pomology and Director of the Fujian Agricultural College in 1956. He remained a strong supporter and advocate for NZ..
1944年，李来荣离开新西兰继续他的回国之旅，不料他的船又被日本人击沉, 并在日本的战俘集中营(设在东南亚一带)花去了几年的时间(据同事讲述,船击沉后李来荣凭借良好的水性游到岸上)。1948年，当他的家人以为他已经不在人世的时候,却奇迹般地回到了中国。以后，作为一名园艺科学家他拥有一个显赫的职业，1965年他被任命为福建农学院院长兼亚热带果树学科的教授。他一直支持和拥护新西兰的园艺事业。

In 1974 Ted Bollard visited China as a member the Royal Society of New Zealand. This was the first official scientific mission to enter China as it became more open to the West after the Cultural Revolution. The invitation to visit was in no small part due to the influence of Li Lairong, who by that time had become an important role in the Chinese Academy of Science, the hosts of the visit.
1974年, Ted Bollard以一个新西兰皇家协会成员的身份访问中国。这是文化革命后期中国逐渐对西方国家开放后第一个官方科学代表团进入中国。由于李来荣的影响，这次访问涉及面较大，李来荣在这次活动中成为中国科学院的主角——访问的主持人。

In 1975 Ted Bollard received a packet of Actinidia seed from Dr Li Lairong; this was the first Actinidia seed to come to New Zealand from China since the original introduction in 1904, although some budwood of other species had been introduced by Harold Mouat, DSIR, in 1955).
1975年，Ted Bollard收到一个李来荣寄来的弥猴桃种子的小包裹。这是自从1904年最初引种后，第一份弥猴桃种子从中国来到新西兰，尽管其它种的接穗在1955年由Harold Mouat引进过一些。

In 1977 Dr Don McKenzie, a respected fruit researcher in DSIR, known for his apple management and breeding work, visited China and arranged for further seed lots of Actinidia to be brought to New Zealand from China and Japan. Seedlings from these accessions were planted at the DSIR Te Puke Research Centre as part of a long-term breeding and development programme.

In 1981 Drs Ron Davison and Michael Lay-Yee, DSIR, visited China and brought back further Actinidia seeds from a range of sources that were added to the collection in Te Puke and at the Kumeu Research Orchard. A result of these two visits was procurement of raw, unimproved, unselected germplasm that would later become the base plants from which the new commercial yellow-fleshed kiwifruit,(Actinidia chinensis Planch. var chinensis ‘Hort16A’); the fruit of which are marketed as ZESPRI™Gold Kiwifruit, was developed.

In 1987 Dr Mark McNeilage performed the cross that led to the selection of Hort16A. Seeds from fruit resulting from these crosses grown on at the DSIR Te Puke Research Orchard, where they were put through a new and innovative ‘fast track’ propagation procedure developed by McNeilage and Sigrun Steinhagen to speed up the time from seeds to fruiting plants.

In 1989 650 seedlings arising from these crosses were planted out at Te Puke, and in 1990 75% of these seedlings flowered, just 18 months after germination.

In 1991 Russell Lowe and Hinga Marsh saw the first ever fruit on these young vines andbased on desirable fruiting attributes they identified several promising selections, among them a seedling that they named ‘Hort16A’, for further evaluation trials. The name used was based on the position of the selected plant located in Block 37, Row 1, Bay 16 and plant position A in the orchard.
In 1991 fruit from some of these seedlings were ripened and tested for sensory attributes;‘Hort6A’ and ‘Hort16A’ were identified for further evaluation. Wood from these plants was used to vegetatively propagate further plants for evaluation, sacrificing fruit for the following year.

1992 saw the kiwifruit industry in difficulties after anti-dumping order in USA, problems with retaining the crucial market in Italy (see #2 The KiwiGreen story) and development of significant industry debt. In this same year grafted vines of ‘Hort16A’ were made available to selected growers for orchard evaluation and to have larger volumes of fruit available for sensory and taste tests in 1994.
In 1992 the NZ Kiwifruit Marketing Board, arranged to have 10 Actinidia selections from the DSIR breeding programme sensory tested by Colmar-Brunton using ethnic panels, using immigrants from Japan, Taiwan and Germany who had been in NZ for less than 3 months.
Very limited supplies of fruit were available for these evaluations. Of these 10, 3 selections were short-listed for further evaluation, including ‘Hort16A’; this was the selection with the most amazing taste, sweet flavour, pale yellow flesh, high productivity and very different from the usual green fleshed kiwifruit. However there was a potential problem with the protruding ‘beak’ at the distal end of the fruit.

In 1993 clonal trials of ‘Hort16A’ were established in order to obtain larger volumes of fruit for test marketing, and to develop appropriate vine management and postharvest handling strategies. A field day was held to introduce growers to this potential new cultivar. A new cultivar assessment protocol was developed by focus groups to improve the criteria defining optimum quality and market attributes and to ensure that any market testing was done with fruit of optimum eating quality.‘Hort16A’ was a very appropriate candidate because of its and
its productivity, which was more than double that of ‘Hayward’, and its high soluble solids, density and dry matter that signified sweetness and taste.
In 1993 the New Varieties Committee also recognised the need for further research on managing this potential new cultivar, particularly in reworking (top-grafting) scion wood onto mature ‘Hayward’ vines. An application for Plant Variety Rights (PVR) was initiated by HortResearch for the new cultivar under the denomination ‘Earligold’, as it was believed at that time that ‘Hort16A’ matured earlier than the green kiwifruit. In reality fruit were harvested commercially at the same time as the green-fleshed ‘Hayward’ but at a more mature stage of
development in order to obtain consistently yellow flesh, so the cultivar name ‘Hort16A’ was eventually adopted.

In 1994 a second Colmar-Brunton qualitative sensory evaluation confirmed earlier consumer preferences for ‘Hort16A’ because of colour and flavour. Decreased interest by industry in‘Hort6A’ at this time was associated with possible postharvest problems and the lack of desire to top work existing ‘Hayward’ vines. It was however recognised that this selection could possibly be used in further breeding to try and get a new cultivar with better shape than‘Hort16A’ while retaining flesh colour and taste of ‘Hort16A’.

In 1995 HortResearch received Plant Variety Rights approval. PVR provided international protection for the cultivar, thus enabling offshore plantings later. Further plant material was made available to growers under trial licensing agreement. A decision was made to delay the release of this new cultivar ‘Hort16A’ to industry so that postharvest research could be undertaken to generate detailed recommendations to industry on how to prevent physical damage during handling, ‘Hort16A’ had a protruding ‘beak’ on one end and a relatively soft skin, both of which made fruit susceptible to physical damage during handling, storage and distribution.

In 1996 at its August meeting, the kiwifruit New Variety Development Committee recommended to the kiwifruit R&D Committee and thence to the then New Zealand Kiwifruit Marketing Board that the cultivar ‘Hort16A’ be released to industry. It was recommended that technical support to growers be provided through production of a technical manual and field days to demonstrate grafting techniques, with research required urgently on pest and disease susceptibility and management, vine productivity, fruit quality, optimising colour uniformity, harvest maturity and storage requirements.
In 1996 Kiwifruit industry personnel, David Jenks (marketing aspects) and Mike Muller (technical aspects), presented a road show’ to growers throughout all the kiwifruit growing areas, to introduce growers to the commercial option of diversifying of their orchards with a new GOLD selection. The kiwifruit industry realised that with total reliance on one cultivar,‘Hayward’, it had very little flexibility or diversity of product in the market, a very high-risk strategy. It was agreed that any new selection adopted if marketed effectively would not compete, replace, or ‘cannibalise’ the position of Hayward in the market; but rather it complement it. Growers had an expectation of a 20-30% premium price for Hort16A due to its potential Asian appeal. Senior, influential and experienced growers accepted the rationale being offered and the industry followed this leadership.

1997 saw increased grower acceptance of the idea of growing a new selection and greatly increased pressure from industry to launch the preferred selection, ‘Hort 16A’, even though little was known about storage life or vine management needs.
• Test marketing in several countries was undertaken, “Taste is the king. You give me with some favour in the UK, moderate acceptance in the tasty fruit and I can market Japan and enthusiastic acceptance in Taiwan, and sell it profitably”.
• ‘Hort16A’ chosen for further development because of Quote from David Jenks, marketing, superior, sweet unique taste and flavour, that was Zespri International.
particularly suited to the Asian palate. This new cultivar could be introduced to the market using the extensive market structure already established by the industry for Hayward. Although pruning and management costs were higher, potential defects greater and shelf life shorter than Hayward, Jenks was convinced that the higher yield of ‘Hort 16A’ together with the price premium in the market would make this new cultivar very profitable for the grower.
In 1996 orchard production of ‘Hort16A’ commenced with fruit coming from a few vines onto which new scion wood had been top worked earlier onto existing ‘Hayward’ vines.

In 1998 first ZESPRI™ GOLD Kiwifruit fruit were exported to Asia. First export of 4000 trays of ZESPRI™Gold occurred, followed in 1997 with 32,000 trays; the rest is history (see Figure).
In 2000 the new cultivar ‘Hort16A’, its fruit being marketed as ZESPRI™ GOLD Kiwifruit, was officially launched into international markets.

In 2001 the kiwifruit concluded first collaborative arrangements with growers in Italy to produce‘Hayward’ kiwifruit under the ZESPRI™ System for counter-seasonal marketing by Zespri enabling 12-month supply into supermarkets worldwide. Similar arrangements currently exist in the USA, Japan and Chile. This programme is continuing with ZESPRI™ GOLD Kiwifruit.

During the period 2000-2003 major marketing and promotion activities were undertaken by Zespri International Ltd. to launch this new kiwifruit, known as ZESPRI™ GOLD, in international markets. This involved fighting for new shelf space in supermarkets, creating awareness of the presence of a new fruit in the market, providing ready to eat fruit for consumers to taste in-store, and making good quality fruit available for 12 months of the year.
In 2003 export value of ZESPRI™ GOLD Kiwifruit was more than $160 million.
The working relationship with Chinese scientists continues to this day and collaborative research and breeding programmes are underway. Utilisation of germplasm from China continues to be an important aspect of plant breeding for potential new cultivars.
(未完待续)

[[FFFFFF]]

南河书院
南河心声

七绝 怀李来荣教授

李 树桃花满院开，
来 春去夏几时衰？
荣 得八闽红尘土，
又 叫柑桔山上栽。

Note:

当今多伦多西人华人商店里,看到的新西兰黄金奇异果(弥猴桃),包含着李来荣教授的辛勤劳动.

Dec 11, 2001 Hormish Garden of Fuzhou，China（南河书院）

ZESPRI™ Gold kiwifruit lights up the fruit world
新西兰黄金奇异果照亮水果世界

New Zealand’s popular green-fleshed Kiwifruit was launched onto world markets in the 1960s, having originated from seeds brought from China in 1904 and for many years a hobby exotic vine plant. In 1925, with the fruit then known as Chinese gooseberries, an avid NZ horticulturist Hayward Wright produced the now market dominant green-fleshed Hayward variety. Kiwifruit is NZ’s highest value export
horticultural crop ($539 million in 2003), is one of only 4 new fruit crops introduced to international trade in the 20th century and is now grown in many countries, notably Italy, Chile, Japan, Korea, USA and France.This crop however was based on only one selection, from one species of one genus that has more than 70 species growing wild in Asia and comprising a huge diversity of shape, colour,taste, nutritional attributes and hairiness. The potential existed for NZ to extend its commercial base by adding a new cultivar to the product mix. The industry was eager to diversify its product range to reduce risks that existed with a monocultural crop. Development of the new yellow-fleshed kiwifruit cultivar ‘Hort16A’, with the fruit marketed under the ZESPRI™ GOLD Kiwifruit brand, is a remarkable and innovative scientific and commercial success story. Using seed brought from China in 1977 and 1981, HortResearch scientists had 600 seedling crosses in development in 1987. By selecting for required quality attributes and then sensory evaluation by panelists from potential markets in Asia and Europe, a single new yellow-fleshed kiwifruit cultivar ‘Hort16A’ was chosen (the individual plant identified as plant number ‘16’, row ‘A’). Complementing the Hayward variety marketed as ZESPRI™ GREEN Kiwifruit, the fruit from ‘Hort16A’ plants had a different colour, fewer hairs, and a sweeter more tropical fruit taste.

The introduction of the new kiwifruit cultivar to international trade in 2000 was a remarkable outcome of the combined and focused vision and efforts of scientists, growers and Zespri International, the grower owned commercial company responsible for global marketing of kiwifruit.

Selection of ‘Hort16A’ was the start, but commercialising required, fast-track propagation, industry acceptance, research on vine management, quality and postharvestphysiology,together with a focussed and imaginative international marketing campaign. By 2003 this had resulted in the new fruit being planted on about 1,800 ha in New Zealand with an export valueof more than $160 million.
Keys to this success included:
• Awareness of scientists to search for new cultivars and the excellent cooperative relationships with China that allowed the introduction of seed material to NZ;
• Skilled scientists who chose the best parent plants for the original cross, and then the ability to select potential market winners;
• Early sensory evaluation using panelists from potential market countries identified the importance of its characteristic sweet taste and yellow flesh colour;
• Recognition of its potential by industry and emergence of a marketing champion;
• Major R&D effort by ZESPRI and HortResearch scientists who with industry specialists assisted growers develop and modify growing, postharvest handling and storage systems;
• Major marketing campaigns by ZESPRI International to create consumer awareness in international markets and to receive premium prices;
• Plant Variety Rights (PVR) obtained for ‘Hort16A’, allowing the industry to have plantings in other countries for year-round market supply under the ZESPRI™ brand, whilst receiving royalty payments and marketing commissions to flow back to NZ growers.

Development of the cultivar and subsequent crop management R&D cost just over $20m.Market development costs are in excess of $50m. By 2009, total gross revenues areexpected to be about $1 billion. Clear potential exists for more exciting kiwifruit cultivars to be developed in NZ and introduced to the world as innovative, differentiated, valuable and healthy products.

Background
背景

The kiwifruit industry is a relatively new contributor to New Zealand trade. Although Isabel Fraser introduced the original kiwifruit seeds to Wanganui in 1904, and selection of the preferred cultivar ‘Hayward’ was done in 1925, exports of this fruit did not commence until about 1959. Exports of kiwifruit have increased rapidly and today kiwifruit is the largest contributor to horticultural exports with an FOB value of $539 million in 2003. Originally regarded as a curiosity and a novel
garnish for cakes and desserts, it has today become an important part of global fruit trade, being produced in numerous countries in temperate and Mediterranean zones in the northern and southern hemisphere including Italy, Chile, Japan, Korea, France and the USA. The kiwifruit is native to China and some surrounding Asian countries; it is known that there are more than 70 individual species within the Actinidia genus, most of them growing as rampant vines in forests. Fruit has been collected from the wild and used by local residents for various food and medicinal purposes for hundreds of generations, but until recently there has been little commercial development. The impetus for this came from NZ.

The ‘Hayward’ cultivar was selected originally from one from about 40 seedlings by the nurseryman Hayward Wright, the seeds having been obtained from some of the offspring of plants grown in Wanganui following the original importation of seeds from China. This means that the kiwifruit cultivar currently grown in about 99% of world production is derived from one seed, from one of 40 plants, from a handful of seeds brought back from China, from one species of more than 65 species of the Actinidia genera.

Production based on only one cultivar is very risky. The kiwifruit industry is unique both a production and a marketing perspective. Scientists among global fruit industries were well aware of the risks involved and also of the being so totally dominated by potential that existed for creating new cultivars based on one variety, the Hayward variety, some of the other species that existed. New Zealand was most consumers are not even aware that other varieties exist. Fortunate that strong linkages existed between scientists in China and NZ, and were able to initiate a formal kiwifruit improvement breeding programme during the 1980’s based on a wide diversity of seed accessions from China obtained in the preceding 20 years.

HortResearch holds more than 20 species of Actinidia today, with over 400 accessions of budwood, seed and pollen, more than any country in the world apart from China.Thus HortResearch scientists embarked on a breeding programme, based at research orchards in Te Puke and Kumeu with the objective of developing a new, cultivar that would complement the existing ‘Hayward’ cultivar (now sold under the name of ZESPRI™ GREEN Kiwifruit).

Timeline for Development of the Yellow-fleshed Kiwifruit
黄肉弥猴桃(黄金奇异果)发展大事记

A key reason why New Zealand was able to gain access to supplies of seed material from such a wide range of Actinidia species from China was because of strong personal friendships that developed between key scientists in both countries in 1943-44, and which exist to this day.
新西兰能够从中国得到大量的弥猴桃种子材料(种质资源)，一个重要原因是基于一种建立在两国优秀科学家之间的深厚的个人友谊。从1943-1944年开始，这个故事一直流传到现在。

In 1943 a Chinese horticulture scientist, Li Lairong, was en route to China after graduate education in the USA when Pearl Harbour was attacked. His ship was diverted to NZ.. Being a trained horticultural scientist, he approached the DSIR Mt Albert Research Centre to see if he could get some work. He worked in Plant Diseases Division (PDD) with Dr Ted Bollard, who later became Director of PDD, and with whom a life long friendship was forged.
1943年，一个中国园艺科学家李来荣在美国完成学业后返回中国的途中遇到日本人偷袭珍珠港,他乘坐的船被迫转移到新西兰。作为一名训练有素的科学家(在美国完成博士学位)，他走进了DSIR Mt Albert研究中心看看是否可以找到一份工作。后来他和中心植物病理分部的Ted Bollard 先生工作在一起并建立了深厚的友谊, Ted Bollard 先生后来也成为植物病理分部的主任。

In 1944 Li Lairong departed to return to China, but the Japanese sank the ship in which he was travelling and he spent time in a prisoner of war camp. In 1948, when even his family thought that he was dead, he finally arrived back in China. Subsequently he had a distinguished career as a horticultural scientist, eventually being appointed Professor of Subtropical Pomology and Director of the Fujian Agricultural College in 1956. He remained a strong supporter and advocate for NZ..
1944年，李来荣离开新西兰继续他的回国之旅，不料他的船又被日本人击沉, 并在日本的战俘集中营(设在东南亚一带)花去了几年的时间(据同事讲述,船击沉后李来荣凭借良好的水性游到岸上)。1948年，当他的家人以为他已经不在人世的时候,却奇迹般地回到了中国。以后，作为一名园艺科学家他拥有一个显赫的职业，1965年他被任命为福建农学院院长兼亚热带果树学科的教授。他一直支持和拥护新西兰的园艺事业。

In 1974 Ted Bollard visited China as a member the Royal Society of New Zealand. This was the first official scientific mission to enter China as it became more open to the West after the Cultural Revolution. The invitation to visit was in no small part due to the influence of Li Lairong, who by that time had become an important role in the Chinese Academy of Science, the hosts of the visit.
1974年, Ted Bollard以一个新西兰皇家协会成员的身份访问中国。这是文化革命后期中国逐渐对西方国家开放后第一个官方科学代表团进入中国。由于李来荣的影响，这次访问涉及面较大，李来荣在这次活动中成为中国科学院的主角——访问的主持人。

In 1975 Ted Bollard received a packet of Actinidia seed from Dr Li Lairong; this was the first Actinidia seed to come to New Zealand from China since the original introduction in 1904, although some budwood of other species had been introduced by Harold Mouat, DSIR, in 1955).
1975年，Ted Bollard收到一个李来荣寄来的弥猴桃种子的小包裹。这是自从1904年最初引种后，第一份弥猴桃种子从中国来到新西兰，尽管其它种的接穗在1955年由Harold Mouat引进过一些。

In 1977 Dr Don McKenzie, a respected fruit researcher in DSIR, known for his apple management and breeding work, visited China and arranged for further seed lots of Actinidia to be brought to New Zealand from China and Japan. Seedlings from these accessions were planted at the DSIR Te Puke Research Centre as part of a long-term breeding and development programme.

In 1981 Drs Ron Davison and Michael Lay-Yee, DSIR, visited China and brought back further Actinidia seeds from a range of sources that were added to the collection in Te Puke and at the Kumeu Research Orchard. A result of these two visits was procurement of raw, unimproved, unselected germplasm that would later become the base plants from which the new commercial yellow-fleshed kiwifruit,(Actinidia chinensis Planch. var chinensis ‘Hort16A’); the fruit of which are marketed as ZESPRI™Gold Kiwifruit, was developed.

In 1987 Dr Mark McNeilage performed the cross that led to the selection of Hort16A. Seeds from fruit resulting from these crosses grown on at the DSIR Te Puke Research Orchard, where they were put through a new and innovative ‘fast track’ propagation procedure developed by McNeilage and Sigrun Steinhagen to speed up the time from seeds to fruiting plants.

In 1989 650 seedlings arising from these crosses were planted out at Te Puke, and in 1990 75% of these seedlings flowered, just 18 months after germination.

In 1991 Russell Lowe and Hinga Marsh saw the first ever fruit on these young vines andbased on desirable fruiting attributes they identified several promising selections, among them a seedling that they named ‘Hort16A’, for further evaluation trials. The name used was based on the position of the selected plant located in Block 37, Row 1, Bay 16 and plant position A in the orchard.
In 1991 fruit from some of these seedlings were ripened and tested for sensory attributes;‘Hort6A’ and ‘Hort16A’ were identified for further evaluation. Wood from these plants was used to vegetatively propagate further plants for evaluation, sacrificing fruit for the following year.

1992 saw the kiwifruit industry in difficulties after anti-dumping order in USA, problems with retaining the crucial market in Italy (see #2 The KiwiGreen story) and development of significant industry debt. In this same year grafted vines of ‘Hort16A’ were made available to selected growers for orchard evaluation and to have larger volumes of fruit available for sensory and taste tests in 1994.
In 1992 the NZ Kiwifruit Marketing Board, arranged to have 10 Actinidia selections from the DSIR breeding programme sensory tested by Colmar-Brunton using ethnic panels, using immigrants from Japan, Taiwan and Germany who had been in NZ for less than 3 months.
Very limited supplies of fruit were available for these evaluations. Of these 10, 3 selections were short-listed for further evaluation, including ‘Hort16A’; this was the selection with the most amazing taste, sweet flavour, pale yellow flesh, high productivity and very different from the usual green fleshed kiwifruit. However there was a potential problem with the protruding ‘beak’ at the distal end of the fruit.

In 1993 clonal trials of ‘Hort16A’ were established in order to obtain larger volumes of fruit for test marketing, and to develop appropriate vine management and postharvest handling strategies. A field day was held to introduce growers to this potential new cultivar. A new cultivar assessment protocol was developed by focus groups to improve the criteria defining optimum quality and market attributes and to ensure that any market testing was done with fruit of optimum eating quality.‘Hort16A’ was a very appropriate candidate because of its and
its productivity, which was more than double that of ‘Hayward’, and its high soluble solids, density and dry matter that signified sweetness and taste.
In 1993 the New Varieties Committee also recognised the need for further research on managing this potential new cultivar, particularly in reworking (top-grafting) scion wood onto mature ‘Hayward’ vines. An application for Plant Variety Rights (PVR) was initiated by HortResearch for the new cultivar under the denomination ‘Earligold’, as it was believed at that time that ‘Hort16A’ matured earlier than the green kiwifruit. In reality fruit were harvested commercially at the same time as the green-fleshed ‘Hayward’ but at a more mature stage of
development in order to obtain consistently yellow flesh, so the cultivar name ‘Hort16A’ was eventually adopted.

In 1994 a second Colmar-Brunton qualitative sensory evaluation confirmed earlier consumer preferences for ‘Hort16A’ because of colour and flavour. Decreased interest by industry in‘Hort6A’ at this time was associated with possible postharvest problems and the lack of desire to top work existing ‘Hayward’ vines. It was however recognised that this selection could possibly be used in further breeding to try and get a new cultivar with better shape than‘Hort16A’ while retaining flesh colour and taste of ‘Hort16A’.

In 1995 HortResearch received Plant Variety Rights approval. PVR provided international protection for the cultivar, thus enabling offshore plantings later. Further plant material was made available to growers under trial licensing agreement. A decision was made to delay the release of this new cultivar ‘Hort16A’ to industry so that postharvest research could be undertaken to generate detailed recommendations to industry on how to prevent physical damage during handling, ‘Hort16A’ had a protruding ‘beak’ on one end and a relatively soft skin, both of which made fruit susceptible to physical damage during handling, storage and distribution.

In 1996 at its August meeting, the kiwifruit New Variety Development Committee recommended to the kiwifruit R&D Committee and thence to the then New Zealand Kiwifruit Marketing Board that the cultivar ‘Hort16A’ be released to industry. It was recommended that technical support to growers be provided through production of a technical manual and field days to demonstrate grafting techniques, with research required urgently on pest and disease susceptibility and management, vine productivity, fruit quality, optimising colour uniformity, harvest maturity and storage requirements.
In 1996 Kiwifruit industry personnel, David Jenks (marketing aspects) and Mike Muller (technical aspects), presented a road show’ to growers throughout all the kiwifruit growing areas, to introduce growers to the commercial option of diversifying of their orchards with a new GOLD selection. The kiwifruit industry realised that with total reliance on one cultivar,‘Hayward’, it had very little flexibility or diversity of product in the market, a very high-risk strategy. It was agreed that any new selection adopted if marketed effectively would not compete, replace, or ‘cannibalise’ the position of Hayward in the market; but rather it complement it. Growers had an expectation of a 20-30% premium price for Hort16A due to its potential Asian appeal. Senior, influential and experienced growers accepted the rationale being offered and the industry followed this leadership.

1997 saw increased grower acceptance of the idea of growing a new selection and greatly increased pressure from industry to launch the preferred selection, ‘Hort 16A’, even though little was known about storage life or vine management needs.
• Test marketing in several countries was undertaken, “Taste is the king. You give me with some favour in the UK, moderate acceptance in the tasty fruit and I can market Japan and enthusiastic acceptance in Taiwan, and sell it profitably”.
• ‘Hort16A’ chosen for further development because of Quote from David Jenks, marketing, superior, sweet unique taste and flavour, that was Zespri International.
particularly suited to the Asian palate. This new cultivar could be introduced to the market using the extensive market structure already established by the industry for Hayward. Although pruning and management costs were higher, potential defects greater and shelf life shorter than Hayward, Jenks was convinced that the higher yield of ‘Hort 16A’ together with the price premium in the market would make this new cultivar very profitable for the grower.
In 1996 orchard production of ‘Hort16A’ commenced with fruit coming from a few vines onto which new scion wood had been top worked earlier onto existing ‘Hayward’ vines.

In 1998 first ZESPRI™ GOLD Kiwifruit fruit were exported to Asia. First export of 4000 trays of ZESPRI™Gold occurred, followed in 1997 with 32,000 trays; the rest is history (see Figure).
In 2000 the new cultivar ‘Hort16A’, its fruit being marketed as ZESPRI™ GOLD Kiwifruit, was officially launched into international markets.

In 2001 the kiwifruit concluded first collaborative arrangements with growers in Italy to produce‘Hayward’ kiwifruit under the ZESPRI™ System for counter-seasonal marketing by Zespri enabling 12-month supply into supermarkets worldwide. Similar arrangements currently exist in the USA, Japan and Chile. This programme is continuing with ZESPRI™ GOLD Kiwifruit.

During the period 2000-2003 major marketing and promotion activities were undertaken by Zespri International Ltd. to launch this new kiwifruit, known as ZESPRI™ GOLD, in international markets. This involved fighting for new shelf space in supermarkets, creating awareness of the presence of a new fruit in the market, providing ready to eat fruit for consumers to taste in-store, and making good quality fruit available for 12 months of the year.
In 2003 export value of ZESPRI™ GOLD Kiwifruit was more than $160 million.
The working relationship with Chinese scientists continues to this day and collaborative research and breeding programmes are underway. Utilisation of germplasm from China continues to be an important aspect of plant breeding for potential new cultivars.
(未完待续)

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声

七绝 送林顺权教授

李氏桃林金作栋，
张家陈酿送君程。
湖干柳暗星辉淡，
何处梳妆镜月明。


Dec 8，2001 Hormish Garden of Fuzhou，China（南河书院）

[[FAFAFA]]

南河书院
南河心声

七绝 送林顺权教授

李氏桃林金作栋，
张家陈酿送君程。
湖干柳暗星辉淡，
何处梳妆镜月明。


Dec 8，2001 Hormish Garden of Fuzhou，China（南河书院）

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声



五律 名山秀水找金龟
——喜迎夏门大学李美华教授(之一)

山城别旧梦，
福地找春花。
冠豸舒灵气，
梅花吐蕊芽。
金鸡听秀雨，
紫土嗅丹霞。
一水穿穹过，
三江孕美华。

NOTES：

12月25日，连城籍留美大学访问学者李美华教授应邀出席连城人加拿大同乡会，她翻译出版的美国小说《飘》（译林出版社），已经再版14次。

金龟，镀金的海龟（归），大陆学者留学海外称镀金，学成回国称海归(龟)。

梅花金鸡也指梅花山金鸡山。

连城文川河北入九龙江，连南河南入汀江；连城姑田一座山，水流三江：闽江，汀江和九龙江。

Dec 26, 2008 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院） 3:00 to 3:45am

[[FFFFFF]]

南河书院
南河心声



五律 名山秀水找金龟
——喜迎夏门大学李美华教授(之一)

山城别旧梦，
福地找春花。
冠豸舒灵气，
梅花吐蕊芽。
金鸡听秀雨，
紫土嗅丹霞。
一水穿穹过，
三江孕美华。

NOTES：

12月25日，连城籍留美大学访问学者李美华教授应邀出席连城人加拿大同乡会，她翻译出版的美国小说《飘》（译林出版社），已经再版14次。

金龟，镀金的海龟（归），大陆学者留学海外称镀金，学成回国称海归(龟)。

梅花金鸡也指梅花山金鸡山。

连城文川河北入九龙江，连南河南入汀江；连城姑田一座山，水流三江：闽江，汀江和九龙江。

Dec 26, 2008 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院） 3:00 to 3:45am

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声


五律 名山秀水找金龟
——喜迎夏门大学李美华教授(之二)

寒门逢贵客，
屋宇壁生悠。
白雪镶隔道，
清风溢水流。
多云时下转，
大雾绕山丘。
相问家乡事，
随缘故旧游。

NOTES：

12月25日，大雪覆盖全加境内的白色圣诞节，37年等一回
之后，多伦多气温骤然回升，周六(12月27日)温度达到摄氏11度
形成一个水雾绕多城，冬天里有春天的自然奇景

Dec. 27, 2008 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）2:30 to 3:00am

[[FAFAFA]]

南河书院
南河心声


五律 名山秀水找金龟
——喜迎夏门大学李美华教授(之二)

寒门逢贵客，
屋宇壁生悠。
白雪镶隔道，
清风溢水流。
多云时下转，
大雾绕山丘。
相问家乡事，
随缘故旧游。

NOTES：

12月25日，大雪覆盖全加境内的白色圣诞节，37年等一回
之后，多伦多气温骤然回升，周六(12月27日)温度达到摄氏11度
形成一个水雾绕多城，冬天里有春天的自然奇景

Dec. 27, 2008 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）2:30 to 3:00am

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声

五律 名山秀水找金龟
——喜迎夏门大学李美华教授(之三)

12月31日夜与留美大学访问学者李美华教授及亲友到市政大厅（City Hall）Nathan Phillips Square，聆听2009年的钟声……

随风歌舞后，
市政大厅前。
雅兴逢诗醉，
多城与梦牵。
青春镶镜孔，
白雪盖清颜。
人海排山倒，
狂欢转夜天。

Jan.1, 2009 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院） 6:00-6:30am

[[FFFFFF]]

南河书院
南河心声

五律 名山秀水找金龟
——喜迎夏门大学李美华教授(之三)

12月31日夜与留美大学访问学者李美华教授及亲友到市政大厅（City Hall）Nathan Phillips Square，聆听2009年的钟声……

随风歌舞后，
市政大厅前。
雅兴逢诗醉，
多城与梦牵。
青春镶镜孔，
白雪盖清颜。
人海排山倒，
狂欢转夜天。

Jan.1, 2009 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院） 6:00-6:30am

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声

五律 喜迎教授，“悠”答野航

蜗居似小船，
喜气蕴悠然。
蓬壁添欢乐，
诗家别梦穿。
门迎偏远客，
屋语故园山。
流水人丁旺，
多城问暖寒。

NOTES:

教授，连城籍留美大学访问学者李美华教授
悠者，恰似多伦多美丽田园风光中的一个隐者
野航，北美文学网《北美枫》诗友

有喜而来，此“悠然自得”也

Dec. 29, 2008 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院） 4:30 -5:00am

[[FAFAFA]]

南河书院
南河心声

五律 喜迎教授，“悠”答野航

蜗居似小船，
喜气蕴悠然。
蓬壁添欢乐，
诗家别梦穿。
门迎偏远客，
屋语故园山。
流水人丁旺，
多城问暖寒。

NOTES:

教授，连城籍留美大学访问学者李美华教授
悠者，恰似多伦多美丽田园风光中的一个隐者
野航，北美文学网《北美枫》诗友

有喜而来，此“悠然自得”也

Dec. 29, 2008 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院） 4:30 -5:00am

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声


七绝 安大略湖远眺
—— To Visiting Scholar Professor L. S. Chen

万木萧梳枫叶尽，
北风呼啸雪初回。
茫茫天际无穷碧，
漫漫家山看海归。

NOTE：

2006年陈教授在美国康乃尔大学

Nov. 3, 2006 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）

[[FFFFFF]]

南河书院
南河心声


七绝 安大略湖远眺
—— To Visiting Scholar Professor L. S. Chen

万木萧梳枫叶尽，
北风呼啸雪初回。
茫茫天际无穷碧，
漫漫家山看海归。

NOTE：

2006年陈教授在美国康乃尔大学

Nov. 3, 2006 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声

七绝 尼亚加拉大瀑布的春天
——To Visiting Scholar Professor C. H. Yu & Mrs Yu

俊河横跨彩虹忙，
闲浪余波瀑布长。
轿子枫花迎客至，
隆声响炮赶春装。

Ph D. C. H. Yu & T. Guo (Mrs. Yu) , Visiting Scholar Professor in Montreal

April 30, 2008 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院） 3:00-3:30am

[[FAFAFA]]

南河书院
南河心声

七绝 尼亚加拉大瀑布的春天
——To Visiting Scholar Professor C. H. Yu & Mrs Yu

俊河横跨彩虹忙，
闲浪余波瀑布长。
轿子枫花迎客至，
隆声响炮赶春装。

Ph D. C. H. Yu & T. Guo (Mrs. Yu) , Visiting Scholar Professor in Montreal

April 30, 2008 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院） 3:00-3:30am

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声

七绝 多伦多月亮
——To Visiting Scholar Professor G. X. Chen & Mrs. Chen

国庆中秋叹感恩，
月光无语诉离人。
离人月下窗前月，
月下离人画意深。


Ph D. G.X. Chen, A Visiting Scholar Professor in Montreal

2006年中秋节，陈太太还在中国

Oct. 6, 2006 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）3:45-4:55am

[[FFFFFF]]

南河书院
南河心声

七绝 多伦多月亮
——To Visiting Scholar Professor G. X. Chen & Mrs. Chen

国庆中秋叹感恩，
月光无语诉离人。
离人月下窗前月，
月下离人画意深。


Ph D. G.X. Chen, A Visiting Scholar Professor in Montreal

2006年中秋节，陈太太还在中国

Oct. 6, 2006 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）3:45-4:55am

[连南河]

南河书院
南河心声

五律 名山秀水找金龟
——送陈桂信博士回福州

一壶陈老酒，
北美饮三江。
春语多城道，
鸟闻千里香。
举杯摇醉月，
邀友共怀乡。
梦醒安湖畔，
枫飘过大洋。

Note:

陈先生历时三年半
在蒙特利尔一家生物技术实验室完成了博士后论文
同时获得蒙特利尔颁发的"外国优秀专家"荣誉称号
April 4, 2009 7:50am乘加航飞机同他的太太离开蒙特利尔
到温哥华转机飞回北京
按计划于April 5, 2009 晚上十点达福州

March 28, 2009 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）6:00-8:30am

[[FAFAFA]]

南河书院
南河心声

五律 名山秀水找金龟
——送陈桂信博士回福州

一壶陈老酒，
北美饮三江。
春语多城道，
鸟闻千里香。
举杯摇醉月，
邀友共怀乡。
梦醒安湖畔，
枫飘过大洋。

Note:

陈先生历时三年半
在蒙特利尔一家生物技术实验室完成了博士后论文
同时获得蒙特利尔颁发的"外国优秀专家"荣誉称号
April 4, 2009 7:50am乘加航飞机同他的太太离开蒙特利尔
到温哥华转机飞回北京
按计划于April 5, 2009 晚上十点达福州

March 28, 2009 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）6:00-8:30am

[连南河]

五律 名山秀水找金龟：桑田有寄
——送留美访问学者林金科教授回国

悄然春草绿，
静谧夏桑枝。
百态摇青叶，
千歌弄舞姿。
忙蜂甜蜜蜜，
翠鸟乐滋滋。
鸽子飞鹅过，
蜻蜓三两只。

Nete：

多伦多有很多桑树，果实成熟期7月
此时正是蜜蜂昆虫鸟和松鼠的乐园

蜻蜓是环境良好的一项天然指标
看到多伦多的蜻蜓
油然而生的一种
对著名昆虫学家赵修复教授的敬意

AUG. 1，2008，Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院） 5:30-6:00AM

[[FFFFFF]]

五律 名山秀水找金龟：桑田有寄
——送留美访问学者林金科教授回国

悄然春草绿，
静谧夏桑枝。
百态摇青叶，
千歌弄舞姿。
忙蜂甜蜜蜜，
翠鸟乐滋滋。
鸽子飞鹅过，
蜻蜓三两只。

Nete：

多伦多有很多桑树，果实成熟期7月
此时正是蜜蜂昆虫鸟和松鼠的乐园

蜻蜓是环境良好的一项天然指标
看到多伦多的蜻蜓
油然而生的一种
对著名昆虫学家赵修复教授的敬意

AUG. 1，2008，Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院） 5:30-6:00AM

[连南河]

五律 迎丁博士

祖国60华诞，逢丁博士来访，此诗有记。

往事书传味，
连南岸有音。
彩旗摇小手，
秀水映童真。
清雨波中动，
暖流风里吟。
秋声迎客至，
枫叶又纷纷。

Note:

丁博士：中国科学院计算所博士。

Sep. 27,2009 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）11:00-11:30am

[[FAFAFA]]

五律 迎丁博士

祖国60华诞，逢丁博士来访，此诗有记。

往事书传味，
连南岸有音。
彩旗摇小手，
秀水映童真。
清雨波中动，
暖流风里吟。
秋声迎客至，
枫叶又纷纷。

Note:

丁博士：中国科学院计算所博士。

Sep. 27,2009 Hormish Garden of Toronto（南河书院）11:00-11:30am